Improve this question . And, of course, as with any major Hollywood film produced in the old studio system, a love triangle was wedged into the plot. The recent Starz series, Spartacus: Blood and Sand> also takes some liberties with the main character’s biography. It is possible that they needed to stay on the move to sustain resources, or to corral more support.eval(ez_write_tag([[300,250],'historyhit_com-banner-1','ezslot_6',161,'0','0'])); In his 2 years of revolt, Spartacus won at least 9 major victories against Roman forces. While it is obvious that an impressive amount of historical and scholarly research was undertaken by the filmmakers, much of the plot is fiction. 1867. A new online only channel for history lovers, 5 Key Roman Temples Before the Christian Era. The three-hour epic bends the facts of Spartacus’s life to fit its own hyper-dramatic plot. A dream that allows them to become true stars and living legends. The rest, mainly Thracians, followed Spartacus. The Greek biographer and historian Plutarch, as depicted in the 1492. TwitterA movie poster for Stanley Kubrick’s 1960 epic Spartacus. If Rome's records held the truth that, say, Spartacus' army was only 30,000 men, Rome would not be as glorified as a result of winning a battle in which they largely outnumbered their opponents. And though Crassus obliterated Spartacus and his followers, his glory was overshadowed by Pompey, who had returned from Spain in time to defeat 5,000 rebels. He actually died during the Antonine Plague in 180 AD; In the movie, Marcus Aurelius is … His story or reputation were often shaped according to the author’s genre and motivations. Then, read about the Roman Empire at its height. So, Rome instead would lie, and say Spartacus has a number advantage, and Rome was the superior force due to skill rather than numbers. Was the Roman Army Actually a Cause for Instability? The Spartacist League was a revolutionary socialist group, formed in … Yes and no. Historians are unsure as to why, but some have claimed that Spartacus may have served in the Roman army.eval(ez_write_tag([[728,90],'historyhit_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_0',143,'0','0'])); In 73 BC Spartacus escaped from the gladiatorial barracks with around 70 comrades, armed with kitchen implements and a few scattered weapons. He and his men aimed to hike north through Italy’s Apennine Mountains, cross the Alps, and head back to their native lands in Thrace and Gaul. The rebellion, and the arduous attempt to travel back home, had come to an end. With his remaining men, Spartacus “made sudden and repeated sorties” against the Romans. The novel Freedom Road is based on a true story and was made into a miniseries of the same name starring Muhammad Ali, who, in a rare acting role, played Gideon Jackson, an ex-slave in 1870s South Carolina who is elected to the U.S. House and battles the Ku Klux Klan and other racist organizations to keep the land that they had tended all their lives. The fiction series was inspired by the historical figure of Spartacus, a Thracian gladiator who from 73 to 71 BC led a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic departing from Capua.Executive producers Steven S. … for their efforts, a lifelong rift had torn them apart. Around here is where the two main authorities on Spartacus — Appian and Plutarch — diverge in their storytelling. Hamlet is based on a Norse legend composed by Saxo Grammaticus in Latin around 1200 AD. According to Plutarch, the slave rebellion that became the Third Servile War began with 78 people and a few dozen kitchen knives. Spartacus then switched gears and marched his men toward Sicily. Read about Based on a True Story by Spartacus and see the artwork, lyrics and similar artists. When Spartacus and his men were defeated, 6,000 of his followers were crucified and lined up between Capua and Rome as a deterrent to potential rebels. After learning about Spartacus, the gladiator who led a slave revolt, learn about Yasuke, the African slave who rose to become history’s first black samurai. He appears to have served in a Roman auxiliary unit for a time, deserted and became either a bandit or insurgent against the Romans. Thus, he resigned himself to one goal: getting home. LL/Roger Viollet/Getty Images Dennis Foyatier’s marble statue of Spartacus at the Louvre Museum in Paris. Wikimedia Commons“Der Tod Des Spartacus” (The Death Of Spartacus) by Hermann Vogel. Votes: 11,436 Crassus stationed most of his men on the outskirts of Picenum and sent his lieutenant, Mummius, and two legions to follow Spartacus. The real Spartacus was a freeborn provincial from Thrace, who may have served as an auxiliary in the Roman army in Macedonia. In Saxo's version, King Rorik of the Danes places his trust in two brothers, Orvendil and Fengi. IS RIDLEY SCOTT’S FILM GLADIATOR A TRUE STORY? According to the Roman historian Appian, Spartacus was a Thracian, a war-like group of people that lived in the Balkans. Every unlucky tenth was killed. However, all sources agree that he was a former gladiator and an accomplished military leader. Understanding the true history behind the movie without nitpicking the tiny details can help us appreciate the roots of the film even more. It has a great deal of problems historically. He even crucified a Roman prisoner, setting a terrifying example to his men of the fate in store for them if they were to lose. He returned to the popular consciousness of Europe during the 1791 slave rebellion in Haiti. In the end they stayed, and roamed up and down Italy. In a common practice to deter citizens from rebellion, their crucified bodies were positioned along the Appian Way, stretching from Capua to Rome. This story of Spartacus is based on a book written by Howard Fast. Wikimedia CommonsA statue of Spartacus at the Louvre Museum in Paris. After overcoming their guards and escaping to the Italian countryside, the men encountered a caravan of wagons. Conditions were ripe for a massive slave revolt. If we look deeper, we can see that all the people involved in the creation of this fictional and fabricated movie are from the same *group. A movie poster for Stanley Kubrick’s 1960 epic, According to Greek historian Appian of Alexandria, Yasuke, the African slave who rose to become history’s first black samurai. By Valentina Valentini. However, the movie differs from the historical sources of the early life of Spartacus. Spartacus’s troops defeated them so badly that when Mummius’s men returned to their commander, punishment awaited. So he stationed his men on the peninsula of Rhegium, in southern Italy, to plot his next move. The writers could be more concerned about what Spartacus and the revolt revealed about Rome than in telling the ‘truth’ about the gladiator himself. They sent a praetor, Gaius Claudius Glaber, to the Bay of Naples to deal with the affair, and didn’t even give him a proper legion of soldiers. The biggest difference being that Spartacus, instead of being a slave from birth sold into gladiator school, was in fact an ex-soldier (more precisely, an auxiliary, which was a non-citizen soldier in the Roman army) who was sent to a gladiator school as a punishment for … After the Third Macedonian War in the second century B.C., many Thracians were taken to Italy and sold into slavery. By the 1st century BC, Rome had gathered supreme control of the Mediterranean in a series of bloody wars. Julius Caesar, for instance, introduced a series of laws to prevent such uprisings once he became dictator. 8 years ago. When he discovered another Roman army was blocking his path, he and his men did all they could do: turn around and battle Crassus head-on. Spartacus trains as a gladiator in Capua, where he trains under Lentulus Batiatus, portrayed by Peter Ustinov. This was a well-established source for slaves, and Spartacus was just one of the many who made the trek into Italy. The film — as with most modern retellings of the Spartacus story — also assumes that Spartacus’s motivation was completely noble. Crassus ordered their decimation. Today, let’s look at a cinema classic - the 1960 film Spartacus. History Hit brings you the stories that shaped the world through our award winning podcast network and an online history channel. … Any non-Greek or non-Roman who had done something special “was said to be more intelligent than other barbarians.”). 73 BCE: Spartacus escaped with 70-80 gladiators, seizing the knives in the cook's shop and a wagon full of weapons. According to Greek historian Appian of Alexandria, who lived mainly in the second century A.D., Spartacus had once been a Roman soldier but was taken prisoner and sold to a gladiator ring in Capua, near the city of Naples. A story about Serbian football team that decides to follow a dream that takes them on a journey to the First World Football Championship in Montevideo, Uruguay in 1930. And since ancient times, the man has been thoroughly mythologized by everyone from Stanley Kubrick to Bertolt Brecht. In the film, a slave girl named Varinia, played by Jean Simmons, is in love with Spartacus but bought by Crassus, giving the slave even more motivation to defeat his rival. Or, is it simply historical fiction? Spartacus not only led a slave revolt with tens of thousands of soldiers in the first century B.C., but repeatedly defeated Rome in battle. Unsettled by the turn of events and hoping to avoid an embarrassing defeat, Rome sent the general Pompey to help Crassus. Spartacus was apparently both competent and humane, although the revolt he led inspired terror throughout Italy. So when the show creators … Italy had unprecedented wealth, including over 1 million slaves. You see, at the end of the real Third Servile War history tells us that Spartacus more than likely died, as he does at the end of the series. But they, grown confident in their numbers, and puffed by with their success, would give no obedience to him, but went about and ravaged Italy; so that now the Senate was not only moved at the indignity and baseness, both of the enemy and of the insurrection, but, looking upon it as a matter of alarm and dangerous consequence.”. According to ancient historians, he was born in Thrace, which encompassed parts of modern-day Bulgaria, Greece, and Turkey. Spartacus not only led a slave revolt with tens of thousands of soldiers in the first century B.C. He was sold as a gladiator to be trained at the school in Capua. Spartacus (Greek: Σπάρτακος Spártakos; Latin: Spartacus; c. 111–71 BC) was a Thracian gladiator who, along with Crixus, Gannicus, Castus, and Oenomaus, was one of the escaped slave leaders in the Third Servile War, a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic. Kirk Douglas's characte… When Crassus’s army walled Spartacus in, the rebel slave didn’t mind at first. … This was a remarkable achievement, even given that he had a massive force at his disposal. Rome, meanwhile, didn’t seem to think that a rag-tag bunch of slaves presented any serious threat. This meant that the 5,000 men were split into 50 groups of 10, and essentially drew straws. In fact, the slave revolt which created the modern country of Haiti was based upon the stories of Spartacus. The slave rebellion, stemming from the gladiator school’s kitchen, also includes some accurate details. Spartacus originated from Thrace (largely modern day Bulgaria). Fearing Pompey, who was a celebrated military strategist, Spartacus first tried to negotiate with Crassus. We’re excited to bring two versions of Spartacus to … Spartacus's struggle has been inspirational to revolutionaries, politicians and writers since the 19th century. More than 6,000 rebels captured after the defeat were crucified. But then, when he grew short on supplies, he managed to get a third of his army over the earthen walls. but repeatedly defeated Rome in battle. But we know this … Others disagree, and see him as an inspirational figure who led thousands of commoners against the oppressive Roman Empire and its subjugations. At some point he was captured, brought to Rome and sold as a slave to a man referred to at times as “Vatia.” This man owned a gladiator school in Capua, about 120 miles (193 kilome… According to Plutarch, “they refused any longer to avoid battle and would not even obey their officers.” But “this was precisely what Crassus most wanted them to do.” As the Romans dug a trench, the slaves jumped into it and engaged in bloody battle. Finally, after his companions had taken to flight, he stood alone, surrounded by his foes, and was still defending himself when he was cut down.”. The True Story Of Spartacus, The Gladiator Who Led Ancient History’s Biggest Slave Revolt, The iconic ‘I’m Spartacus!’ scene from Stanley Kubrick’s. They’d struck gold: the wagons were filled with weapons. Another non-Italian. His story had clear ties and relevance to the anti-slavery movement. While both of them were elected as consuls in 70 B.C. To start, Marcus Aurelius is presented as a very wise and well-meaning old emperor who had a troubling reign full of war. According to Appian, Crassus and the Romans walled the slaves in with ditches and dirt. In reality, his forces had sneaked off and were able to orchestrate an ambush..eval(ez_write_tag([[336,280],'historyhit_com-large-leaderboard-2','ezslot_5',144,'0','0'])); Spartacus was eventually defeated by a much larger, 8-legion army under the leadership of Crassus. Although Russell Crowe’s character never existed, Commodus and Marcus Aurelius are real. Read about Based on a True Story by Spartacus and see the artwork, lyrics and similar artists. They then went on to defeat another praetor, Publius Varinius, and his army of 2,000. In the end, Spartacus led the biggest slave revolt in ancient Rome — one that we remember to this day. Dennis Foyatier’s marble statue of Spartacus at the Louvre Museum in Paris. Then he made straight for Crassus himself, charging forward through the press of weapons and wounded men, and, though he did not reach Crassus, he cut down two centurions who fell on him together. Mummius was ordered not to engage in battle, but merely redirect the enemy and force them north. In Capua, Spartacus was forced under the torturous tutelage of Lentulus Batiatus, who kept his gladiators jam-packed in close quarters until they had to fight in the ring. Spartacus did have a wife, whose name we’ve never known and who was sold into slavery with him, but there’s not even a hint of proof that she was then purchased by any Roman general. With Rome alarmed at the success Spartacus was having in battle, the Senate sent Gen. Marcus Licinius Crassus to deal with the rising threat. For a better sense of Spartacus the man, Appian and Plutarch are the best things we’ve got. What began as a mere quest to become free men suddenly turned into a gathering of volunteer soldiers. More broadly, Spartacus became a symbol of the oppressed, and had a formative impact on Karl Marx’s thinking, among others. Glaber and his 3,000 soldiers blocked the only path Spartacus and his men could use to flee their spot on a hill. LL/Roger Viollet/Getty ImagesDennis Foyatier’s marble statue of Spartacus at the Louvre Museum in Paris. “Der Tod Des Spartacus” (The Death Of Spartacus) by Hermann Vogel. Its economy was reliant on slave labour, and its diffuse political structure (which didn’t yet have a single leader) was profoundly unstable. Plutarch’s version of events, meanwhile, presents things a bit differently. In reality, according to Appian and Plutarch, he initially aimed to journey by land up to the Alps, and then hike to Thrace from there. They then stormed the Roman camp, overwhelming them and in the process picking up military-grade equipment. He didn’t want the other generals to get all the credit. In the show, Glaber is the one who initially captures Spartacus and sells him into slavery as a gladiator. In order to do so effectively, keeping his men safe while retaining strength in numbers, he split his army into two groups. Still, his motivations remain up for debate. Despite Crassus having cornered Spartacus’ forces in the toe of Italy, they managed to escape.eval(ez_write_tag([[336,280],'historyhit_com-leader-1','ezslot_7',162,'0','0'])); However, in his final battle, Spartacus killed his horse so that he can be on the same level as his soldiers. And it’s through their ancient writings that Spartacus’s slave rebellion lives on. On the other hand, the film’s broader strokes are more on point. Marco Margaritoff is a Staff Writer at All That's Interesting. So instead of trying to charge at the Roman army, the former slaves got crafty: Using vines and tree branches, they made ladders that could reach the plains below. In 75 A.D., nearly 150 years after Spartacus’s death, the Roman historian Plutarch wrote that Spartacus stood out long before his slave rebellion: They say that when he was first taken to Rome to be sold, a snake was seen coiled round his head while he was asleep and his wife, who came from the same tribe and was a prophetess subject to possession by the frenzy of [the god of ecstasy] Dionysus, declared that this sign meant that he would have a great and terrible power which would end in misfortune. Before the rebel leader marched his men up and down Italy and relentlessly crushed the Roman opposition, he was but a boy. The Boy Scouts Of America Have A 'Pedophile Epidemic' As 350 Predators Are Identified, Paula Hitler: The Surprisingly Quiet Life Of Adolf's Little Sister, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. Without Glaber and his men noticing, they all made it down safely, ran around to the other side of the Romans, and defeated them in a surprise attack. In 1960, before Full Metal Jacket and The Shining, legendary Hollywood director Stanley Kubrick helmed Spartacus. He deserted the army, was outlawed, captured, sold into slavery, and trained at the gladiatorial school of Batiatus in Capua. The Roman Empire as of 100 B.C., around the time when Spartacus was born. Though his plan was to get back home to Thrace as quickly as possible, many of his men had different plans. The legend of Spartacus has inspired so many fanciful retellings, it's easy to lose track of what actually happened back in 73 BC. When his offer was refused, he made a risky move, charging toward Brundisium with Crassus in pursuit. However, while the legend of Spartacus is based on true events, much of the legend is still fictional. It’s underpinned with a wish to be free and independent, escape the norms of society and discover transcendence in nature. The men seized both arms and transport and headed to the slopes of Mount Vesuvius, plundering villages, splitting the spoils, and amassing more men along the way. Spartacus was just one of the many who made the trek into Italy And while historians aren’t completely confident on all of the slave leader’s biography, since what we know about his life comes from contradictory histories penned decades after the Third Servile War, there are some things that the film most definitely gets wrong. He then set out to find Crassus, to fight him one on one, but was eventually surrounded and killed by Roman soldiers. Nearly everything that we know about the life of Spartacus comes from Roman histories. He traveled to Picenum, a region on the Adriatic coast where he knew Spartacus was stationed, with 10 legions. They were cornered and swiftly defeated. Spartacus took his own men up into the mountains, all the while being pursued by Crassus’s officers. A statue of Spartacus at the Louvre Museum in Paris. 14 of the Best Movies Based on True Stories. According to the surviving sources, Spartacus was from Thrace, an area in southeast Europe that the Romans were often trying to subjugate during the first century B.C.. Contribution to … In the 1960 picture, Spartacus was born a slave and was descended from a family of slaves. Whether he realistically threatened Rome is debatable, but he certainly won a number of sensational victories and was thus written into the history books. Karl Marx credited Spartacus as one of his heroes for rising up and enabling the masses to breathe free, calling him “the most splendid fellow in the whole of ancient history,” and a “real representative of the ancient proletariat.” Spartacus soccer. Little is known about him beyond the events of the war, and surviving historical accounts are sometimes contradictory. Spartacus was presumably killed — though his body was never found. 1881. He continues to embody class struggle in a very clear and resonant way. The movie raises some big questions. historical-accuracy spartacus-tv  Share. There were several instances where the director should have stuck to the real historical accounts. His tribe was probably conquered by the Roman army -history's a little unclear on this- because he became a Roman soldier. With around 3,000 Romans in pursuit, the escapees headed for Mount Vesuvius, where heavy forest provided cover. And so he descended upon groups of rebels that had splintered from Spartacus, killing 12,300 of them. 1881. The film won four Oscars and starred a who’s who of leading men, with Kirk Douglas in the titular role and Laurence Olivier as his arch-nemesis, Crassus. 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